| Label | Explanation | Data Type |
Input Surface | The integrated mesh scene layer, LAS dataset, raster, TIN, or terrain surface used to determine visibility. | TIN Layer; Raster Layer; Mosaic Layer; Terrain Layer; LAS Dataset Layer; Scene Layer; File |
Input Line Features | The line features whose first vertex defines the observation point and last vertex identifies the target location. The heights of the observation and target locations are obtained from the z-values of 3D features and interpolated from the surface for 2D features. 2D lines also have a default offset of 1 added to their elevation to raise the points above the surface. If the feature has an OffsetA field, its value will be added to the height of the observation point. If the OffsetB field is present, its value will be added to the height of the target position. | Feature Layer |
Output Feature Class | The output line feature class along which visibility has been determined. Two attribute fields are created. The VisCode field indicates visibility along the line: 1 being visible and 2 not visible. The TarIsVis field indicates the target visibility: 0 being not visible and 1 being visible. | Feature Class |
Output Obstruction Point Feature Class (Optional) | An optional point feature class identifying the location of the first obstruction on the observer's sight line to its target. | Feature Class |
Use Curvature (Optional) |
Specifies whether the earth's curvature will be taken into consideration for the line-of-sight analysis. For this parameter to be active, the surface must have a defined spatial reference in projected coordinates with defined z-units.
| Boolean |
Use Refraction (Optional) |
Specifies whether atmospheric refraction will be taken into consideration when generating a line of sight from a functional surface. This parameter does not apply if multipatch features are used.
| Boolean |
Refraction Factor (Optional) | The value to be used in the refraction factor. The default value is 0.13. | Double |
Pyramid Level Resolution (Optional) | The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used. The default value is 0, or full resolution. | Double |
Input Features
(Optional) | A multipatch feature that may define additional obstructing elements, such as buildings. Refraction options are not honored for this input. | Feature Layer |
Summary
Determines the visibility of sight lines over obstructions consisting of a surface and an optional multipatch dataset.
Illustration
Usage
Only the endpoints of the input line are used to define the observer and target. Sight lines should be straight lines composed of two vertices representing the observation point and the target location for which visibility is determined.
Consider creating sight lines with the Construct Sight Lines tool if the observer location is identified by point features and the visibility targets reside in a different feature class.
Output lines will be divided along visible and invisible portions of the input sight line. If only a surface is used to determine sight line visibility, the output lines will follow the surface profile. If a multipatch feature is provided when calculating line of sight, the output lines will follow the trajectory of the input sight lines.
The output line feature's attribute table contains the following fields:
- SourceOID—The unique ID of the line feature used in calculating visibility.
- VisCode—The visibility along the line. A value of 1 indicates visible, and a value of 2 indicates not visible. This field will only exist if the output geometry is a line.
- TarIsVis—The target visibility along the line. A value of 1 indicates visible, and a value of 0 indicates not visible. This field will only exist if the output geometry is a line.
- OBSTR_MPID—The unique ID of the multipatch that obstructs the line of sight. If no multipatch obstructs the line of sight, the field will contain a value of -1 or -9999. If the target is obstructed by the surface, the value will be -1. If the target is visible, the value will be -9999.
Parameters
arcpy.ddd.LineOfSight(in_surface, in_line_feature_class, out_los_feature_class, {out_obstruction_feature_class}, {use_curvature}, {use_refraction}, {refraction_factor}, {pyramid_level_resolution}, {in_features})| Name | Explanation | Data Type |
in_surface | The integrated mesh scene layer, LAS dataset, raster, TIN, or terrain surface used to determine visibility. | TIN Layer; Raster Layer; Mosaic Layer; Terrain Layer; LAS Dataset Layer; Scene Layer; File |
in_line_feature_class | The line features whose first vertex defines the observation point and last vertex identifies the target location. The heights of the observation and target locations are obtained from the z-values of 3D features and interpolated from the surface for 2D features. 2D lines also have a default offset of 1 added to their elevation to raise the points above the surface. If the feature has an OffsetA field, its value will be added to the height of the observation point. If the OffsetB field is present, its value will be added to the height of the target position. | Feature Layer |
out_los_feature_class | The output line feature class along which visibility has been determined. Two attribute fields are created. The VisCode field indicates visibility along the line: 1 being visible and 2 not visible. The TarIsVis field indicates the target visibility: 0 being not visible and 1 being visible. | Feature Class |
out_obstruction_feature_class (Optional) | An optional point feature class identifying the location of the first obstruction on the observer's sight line to its target. | Feature Class |
use_curvature (Optional) |
Specifies whether the earth's curvature will be taken into consideration for the line-of-sight analysis. For this parameter to be enabled, the surface must have a defined spatial reference in projected coordinates with defined z-units.
| Boolean |
use_refraction (Optional) |
Specifies whether atmospheric refraction will be taken into consideration when generating a line of sight from a functional surface. This parameter does not apply if multipatch features are used.
| Boolean |
refraction_factor (Optional) | The value to be used in the refraction factor. The default value is 0.13. | Double |
pyramid_level_resolution (Optional) | The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used. The default value is 0, or full resolution. | Double |
in_features (Optional) | A multipatch feature that may define additional obstructing elements, such as buildings. Refraction options are not honored for this input. | Feature Layer |
Code sample
The following sample demonstrates the use of this tool in the Python window.
arcpy.env.workspace = "C:/data"
arcpy.LineOfSight_3d("tin", "line.shp", "los.shp", "buldings_multipatch.shp",
"obstruction.shp")The following sample demonstrates the use of this tool in a stand-alone Python script.
'''*********************************************************************
Name: Sight Line Visibility of Parade Path
Description: This script demonstrates how to create a sight line feature class
from a pair of observer and target points.
*********************************************************************'''
# Import system modules
import arcpy
# Set Local Variables:
arcpy.env.workspace = 'C:/data'
# Setting up input and output variables:
obs = "observer_pts.shp"
tar = "parade_path.shp"
sightlines = "output_sightlines.shp"
height = "<None>"
join_field = "#"
sampling = 0.5
direction = "OUTPUT_THE_DIRECTION"
surface = 'elevation.tif'
bldgs = 'buildings.shp'
arcpy.ddd.ConstructSightLines(obs, tar, sightlines, height, height,
join_field, sampling, direction)
arcpy.ddd.LineOfSight(surface, sightlines, "Parade_LOS.shp",
"Obstructions.shp", in_features=bldgs)Environments
Licensing information
- Basic: Requires 3D Analyst
- Standard: Requires 3D Analyst
- Advanced: Requires 3D Analyst