public CIMExpressionInfo ValueExpressionInfo {get; set;}

var lyr = MapView.Active.Map.GetLayersAsFlattenedList().OfType<FeatureLayer>().FirstOrDefault(f => f.ShapeType == esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon);
if (lyr == null) return;
QueuedTask.Run(() =>
{
  // GetRenderer from Layer (assumes it is a unique value renderer)
  var uvRenderer = lyr.GetRenderer() as CIMUniqueValueRenderer;
  if (uvRenderer == null) return;
  //layer has STATE_NAME field
  //community sample Data\Admin\AdminSample.aprx
  string expression = "if ($view.scale > 21000000) { return $feature.STATE_NAME } else { return 'All' }";
  CIMExpressionInfo updatedExpressionInfo = new CIMExpressionInfo
  {
    Expression = expression,
    Title = "Custom" // can be any string used for UI purpose.
  };
  //set the renderer's expression
  uvRenderer.ValueExpressionInfo = updatedExpressionInfo;

  //SetRenderer on Layer
  lyr.SetRenderer(uvRenderer);
});