Train Entity Recognition Model (GeoAI)

Summary

Trains a named entity recognition model to extract a predefined set of entities from raw text.

Learn more about how Entity Recognition works

Usage

• This tool requires deep learning frameworks be installed. To set up your machine to use deep learning frameworks in ArcGIS Pro, see Install deep learning frameworks for ArcGIS.

• This tool can also be used to fine-tune an existing trained model.

• To run this tool using GPU, set the Processor Type environment to GPU. If you have more than one GPU, specify the GPU ID environment instead.

• The input to the tool is a folder containing .json or .csv files.

• For information about requirements for running this tool and issues you may encounter, see Deep Learning frequently asked questions.

Parameters

Dialog

Label	Explanation	Data Type
Input Folder	A folder containing training data in the form of standard datasets for NER tasks. The training data must be in .json or .csv files. The file format determines the dataset type of the input. The following are the supported dataset types: ner_json—The training data folder should contain a .json file with text and the labelled entities formatted using the spaCy JSON training format. IOB—The IOB (I - inside, O - outside, B - beginning tags) format proposed by Ramshaw and Marcus in the paper "Text Chunking using Transformation-Based Learning". The training data folder should contain the following two .csv files: token.csv—Contains text as input chunks. tags.csv—Contains IOB tags for the text chunks. BILUO—An extension of the IOB format that additionally contains 'L - last and U - unit tags. The training data folder should contain the following two .csv files: token.csv—Contains text as input chunks. tags.csv—Contains BILUO tags for the text chunks.	Folder
Output Model	The output folder location that will store the trained model.	Folder
Pretrained Model File (Optional)	A pretrained model that will be used to fine-tune the new model. The input can be an Esri model definition file (.emd) or a deep learning package file (.dlpk). A pretrained model with similar entities can be fine-tuned to fit the new model. The pretrained model must have been trained with the same model type and backbone model that will be used to train the new model.	File
Address Entity (Optional)	An address entity that will be treated as a location. During inference, such entities will be geocoded using the specified locator, and a feature class will be produced as a result of the entity extraction process. If a locator is not provided or the trained model does not extract address entities, a table containing the extracted entities will be produced instead.	String
Max Epochs (Optional)	The maximum number of epochs for which the model will be trained. A maximum epoch value of 1 means the dataset will be passed forward and backward through the neural network one time. The default value is 5.	Long
Model Backbone (Optional)	Specifies the preconfigured neural network that will be used as the architecture for training the new model. bert-base-cased—The model will be trained using the BERT neural network. BERT is pretrained using the masked language modeling objective and next sentence prediction. roberta-base— The model will be trained using the RoBERTa neural network. RoBERTa modifies the key hyperparameters of BERT, eliminating the pretraining objective and training of the next sentence with small batches and higher learning rates. albert-base-v1—The model will be trained using the ALBERT neural network. ALBERT uses a self-supervised loss that focuses on modeling intersentence coherence, resulting in better scalability than BERT. xlnet-base-cased—The model will be trained using the XLNet neural network. XLNet is a generalized autoregressive pretraining method. It allows learning bidirectional contexts by maximizing the expected probability on all permutations of the factorization order, which overcomes BERT's drawbacks. xlm-roberta-base—The model will be trained using the XLM-RoBERTa neural network. XLM-RoBERTa is a multilingual model trained on 100 different languages. Unlike some XLM multilingual models, it does not require language tensors to understand which language is used and identifies the correct language from the input IDs. distilroberta-base—DistilRoBERTa is an English language model pretrained with the supervision of roberta-base solely on OpenWebTextCorpus, a reproduction of OpenAI's WebText dataset. distilbert-base-cased—The model will be trained using the DistilBERT neural network. DistilBERT is a smaller general-purpose language representation model. spacy—The model will be trained using the SpaCy neural network. SpaCy is an open-source library for advanced natural language processing.	String
Batch Size (Optional)	The number of training samples that will be processed at one time. This parameter is not applicable to models with the spaCy backbone. The default value is 2. Increasing the batch size can improve tool performance; however, as the batch size increases, more memory is used. If an out of memory error occurs, use a smaller batch size.	Double
Model Arguments (Optional)	Additional arguments for initializing the model, such as seq_len for the maximum sequence length of the training data, that will be considered for training the model. See keyword arguments in the EntityRecognizer documentation for the list of supported models arguments that can be used.	Value Table
Learning Rate (Optional)	The step size indicating how much the model weights will be adjusted during the training process. If no value is specified, an optimal learning rate will be deduced automatically.	Double
Validation Percentage (Optional)	The percentage of training samples that will be used for validating the model. The default value is 10.	Double
Stop when model stops improving (Optional)	Specifies whether model training will stop when the model is no longer improving or until the Max Epochs parameter value is reached. Checked—The model training will stop when the model is no longer improving, regardless of the Max Epochs parameter value specified. This is the default. Unchecked—The model training will continue until the Max Epochs parameter value is reached.	Boolean
Make model backbone trainable (Optional)	Specifies whether the backbone layers in the pretrained model will be frozen, so that the weights and biases remain as originally designed. Checked—The backbone layers will not be frozen, and the weights and biases of the Model Backbone parameter value can be altered to fit the training samples. This takes more time to process but typically produces better results. This is the default. Unchecked—The backbone layers will be frozen, and the predefined weights and biases of the Model Backbone parameter value will not be altered during training.	Boolean

Python

arcpy.geoai.TrainEntityRecognitionModel(in_folder, out_model, {pretrained_model_file}, {address_entity}, {max_epochs}, {model_backbone}, {batch_size}, {model_arguments}, {learning_rate}, {validation_percentage}, {stop_training}, {make_trainable})

Name	Explanation	Data Type
in_folder	A folder containing training data in the form of standard datasets for NER tasks. The training data must be in .json or .csv files. The file format determines the dataset type of the input. The following are the supported dataset types: ner_json—The training data folder should contain a .json file with text and the labelled entities formatted using the spaCy JSON training format. IOB—The IOB (I - inside, O - outside, B - beginning tags) format proposed by Ramshaw and Marcus in the paper "Text Chunking using Transformation-Based Learning". The training data folder should contain the following two .csv files: token.csv—Contains text as input chunks. tags.csv—Contains IOB tags for the text chunks. BILUO—An extension of the IOB format that additionally contains 'L - last and U - unit tags. The training data folder should contain the following two .csv files: token.csv—Contains text as input chunks. tags.csv—Contains BILUO tags for the text chunks.	Folder
out_model	The output folder location that will store the trained model.	Folder
pretrained_model_file (Optional)	A pretrained model that will be used to fine-tune the new model. The input can be an Esri model definition file (.emd) or a deep learning package file (.dlpk). A pretrained model with similar entities can be fine-tuned to fit the new model. The pretrained model must have been trained with the same model type and backbone model that will be used to train the new model.	File
address_entity (Optional)	An address entity that will be treated as a location. During inference, such entities will be geocoded using the specified locator, and a feature class will be produced as a result of the entity extraction process. If a locator is not provided or the trained model does not extract address entities, a table containing the extracted entities will be produced instead.	String
max_epochs (Optional)	The maximum number of epochs for which the model will be trained. A maximum epoch value of 1 means the dataset will be passed forward and backward through the neural network one time. The default value is 5.	Long
model_backbone (Optional)	Specifies the preconfigured neural network that will be used as the architecture for training the new model. bert-base-cased—The model will be trained using the BERT neural network. BERT is pretrained using the masked language modeling objective and next sentence prediction. roberta-base— The model will be trained using the RoBERTa neural network. RoBERTa modifies the key hyperparameters of BERT, eliminating the pretraining objective and training of the next sentence with small batches and higher learning rates. albert-base-v1—The model will be trained using the ALBERT neural network. ALBERT uses a self-supervised loss that focuses on modeling intersentence coherence, resulting in better scalability than BERT. xlnet-base-cased—The model will be trained using the XLNet neural network. XLNet is a generalized autoregressive pretraining method. It allows learning bidirectional contexts by maximizing the expected probability on all permutations of the factorization order, which overcomes BERT's drawbacks. xlm-roberta-base—The model will be trained using the XLM-RoBERTa neural network. XLM-RoBERTa is a multilingual model trained on 100 different languages. Unlike some XLM multilingual models, it does not require language tensors to understand which language is used and identifies the correct language from the input IDs. distilroberta-base—DistilRoBERTa is an English language model pretrained with the supervision of roberta-base solely on OpenWebTextCorpus, a reproduction of OpenAI's WebText dataset. distilbert-base-cased—The model will be trained using the DistilBERT neural network. DistilBERT is a smaller general-purpose language representation model. spacy—The model will be trained using the SpaCy neural network. SpaCy is an open-source library for advanced natural language processing.	String
batch_size (Optional)	The number of training samples that will be processed at one time. This parameter is not applicable to models with the spaCy backbone. The default value is 2. Increasing the batch size can improve tool performance; however, as the batch size increases, more memory is used. If an out of memory error occurs, use a smaller batch size.	Double
model_arguments [model_arguments,...] (Optional)	Additional arguments for initializing the model, such as seq_len for the maximum sequence length of the training data, that will be considered for training the model. See keyword arguments in the EntityRecognizer documentation for the list of supported models arguments that can be used.	Value Table
learning_rate (Optional)	The step size indicating how much the model weights will be adjusted during the training process. If no value is specified, an optimal learning rate will be deduced automatically.	Double
validation_percentage (Optional)	The percentage of training samples that will be used for validating the model. The default value is 10.	Double
stop_training (Optional)	Specifies whether model training will stop when the model is no longer improving or until the max_epochs parameter value is reached. STOP_TRAINING—The model training will stop when the model is no longer improving, regardless of the max_epochs parameter value specified. This is the default. CONTINUE_TRAINING—The model training will continue until the max_epochs parameter value is reached.	Boolean
make_trainable (Optional)	Specifies whether the backbone layers in the pretrained model will be frozen, so that the weights and biases remain as originally designed. TRAIN_MODEL_BACKBONE—The backbone layers will not be frozen, and the weights and biases of the model_backbone parameter value can be altered to fit the training samples. This takes more time to process but typically produces better results. This is the default. FREEZE_MODEL_BACKBONE—The backbone layers will be frozen, and the predefined weights and biases of the model_backbone parameter value will not be altered during training.	Boolean

Code sample

TrainEntityRecognitionModel (Python window)

The following Python window script demonstrates how to use the TrainEntityRecognitionModel function.

# Name: TrainEntityRecognizer.py
# Description: Train an Entity Recognition model to extract useful entities like "Address", "Date" from text.  
#
# Requirements: ArcGIS Pro Advanced license

# Import system modules
import arcpy
import os

arcpy.env.workspace = "C:/textanalysisexamples/data"
dbpath = "C:/textanalysisexamples/Text_analysis_tools.gdb"

# Set local variables
in_folder = 'train_data'
out_folder = "test_bio_format"

# Run Train Entity Recognition Model
arcpy.geoai.TrainEntityRecognitionModel(in_folder, out_folder)

Environments

Processor Type, GPU ID

Licensing information

• Basic: No
• Standard: No
• Advanced: Yes