Summary
An ArcPy class for performing a last mile delivery analysis.
Discussion
A last mile delivery analysis allows you to optimize the delivery of packages to end customers.
Learn more about last mile delivery analysis
Learn more about how to perform a network analysis using arcpy.nax
Syntax
LastMileDelivery (in_network)
| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
in_network | The network dataset or service that will be used for the network analysis. The argument can be specified using one of the following:
The network must have at least one travel mode, one cost attribute with time units, and one cost attribute with distance units, as well as a time zone attribute. To use a portal URL, you must be signed in to the portal with an account that has routing privileges. When using ArcGIS Online or an ArcGIS Enterprise portal whose routing services are configured using ArcGIS Online as the in_network value, solving the analysis will consume credits and will be subject to certain limits, such as the number of allowed inputs. Learn more about credit consumption and analysis limits in network analysis | String |
Properties
| Property | Explanation | Data Type |
| allowAutoRelocate (Read and Write) | Specifies whether inputs with existing network location fields can be automatically relocated at solve time to ensure valid, routable location fields for the analysis. If the value is True, points located on restricted network elements and points affected by barriers will be relocated to the closest routable location. If the value is False, network location fields will be used as is, even if the points are unreachable, and this may cause the solve to fail. Even if the value is False, inputs with no location fields or incomplete location fields will be located at solve time. The default is True. This property affects locating for all input types. To change this property for individual input types, use the setLocateSettingsOverrides method. Learn more about network location fields and how inputs are located on the network Setting this property returns an error if the network data source is ArcGIS Online, an ArcGIS Enterprise portal that does not support using network location fields, or a portal running a version of ArcGIS Enterprise earlier than 11.0. | Boolean |
| allowSaveLayerFile (Read and Write) | Specifies whether saving the analysis result as a layer file using the saveAsLayerFile method on the result object will be allowed. A value of True indicates that you can save a layer file. A value of False indicates that you cannot save a layer file. The default is True if the analysis references a network dataset and False if it references a portal service. Saving a layer file may slow down the analysis when the analysis references a portal service. | Boolean |
| allowSaveRouteData (Read and Write) | Specifies whether route data will be generated. A value of True indicates that route data will be generated when solving the analysis. A value of False indicates that route data will not be generated. Route data is saved as a .zip file using the saveRouteData method on the result object. Generating route data may slow down the analysis. The default is False. | Boolean |
| directionsLanguage (Read and Write) | The language in which the output turn-by-turn directions text will appear. The property is returned and set as a string using one of the two- or five-character language codes representing supported directions languages. The list of available directions languages can be obtained from the arcpy.nax.ListDirectionsLanguages function. The default value is either en (English) or the language of the currently activated language pack. The property is applicable only when the returnDirections property is True. | String |
| distanceUnits (Read and Write) | The units that will be used when reporting the travel distance in the analysis output. Regardless of the units of the cost attributes in the network dataset, the output will be transformed to and reported in the units set in this property. The property is returned and set as a member of the DistanceUnits enumeration. The default is DistanceUnits.Kilometers. | Object |
| earliestRouteStartDate (Read and Write) | The default earliest start date for routes. This date is used for all routes when the EarliestStartDate field in the Routes class is null. When no value is specified for this property, all rows in the Routes class must include a value in the EarliestStartDate field. Use a datetime.date object for this property. Caution:Although the other Network Analyst solvers allow you to use special dates to model a day of the week or the current date instead of a specific, static date, the Last Mile Delivery solver does not. You must choose a specific date. | DateTime |
| earliestRouteStartTime (Read and Write) | The default earliest start time for routes. This time of day is used for all routes when the EarliestStartTime field in the Routes class is null. When no value is specified this property d, all rows in the Routes class must include a value in the EarliestStartTime field. Use a datetime.time object for this property. | DateTime |
| ignoreInvalidLocations (Read and Write) | Specifies whether invalid input locations will be ignored. A value of True indicates that invalid input locations will be ignored so that the analysis will succeed using only valid locations. A value of False indicates that invalid locations will not be ignored and will cause the analysis to fail. | Boolean |
| maxRouteTotalTime (Read and Write) | The maximum allowed total time for each route. The value can be any positive number. The value is used for all routes when the MaxTotalTime field in the Routes class is null. When no value is specified for this property, all rows in the Routes class must include a value in the MaxTotalTime field. The value is interpreted in the units specified in the timeUnits property. | Double |
| networkDataSource (Read Only) | The full catalog path to the network dataset or the URL of the service being used for the analysis. | String |
| overrides (Read and Write) | Note:This property is for internal use only. | String |
| returnDirections (Read and Write) | Specifies whether turn-by-turn directions will be generated. A value of True indicates that turn-by-turn directions will be generated when solving the analysis. A value of False indicates that directions will not be generated. Generating directions may slow down the analysis. The default is False. | Boolean |
| routeShapeType (Read and Write) | The type of shape that will be generated to represent output routes. The routes are calculated along the network; however, you can represent them by shapes that do not reflect the network paths. The property is returned and set as a member of the RouteShapeType enumeration, although the RouteShapeType.TrueShape option is not supported. The default is RouteShapeType.StraightLine. | Object |
| searchSources (Read and Write) | When locating inputs on the network, this property specifies the list of network sources that will be used, and, optionally, a query to restrict the search to a subset of the features within a source feature class. The default value is to locate on all network sources except system junctions and override junctions created by running the Dissolve Network tool. By default, no query is used for any source. The parameter value is specified as a list with nested lists, with at most one entry per network source. Each inner list is composed of two values indicating the name of the network source and the SQL expression used as the query for that source. Possible values for the network source component are the string feature class names of edge and junction sources that participate in the network. Sources in the list will be used for locating, and sources not in the list will not. Queries are useful if you don't want to find features that may be unsuited for a network location. For example, if you don't want to locate on highway ramps, you can define a query to exclude them. For the query component, see SQL reference for query expressions used in ArcGIS for correct syntax. An empty string, "", indicates no query for a particular source. For example, the value [["Streets", "ROAD_CLASS <> 3"], ["Streets_ND_Junctions", ""]] specifies that inputs can be located on both the Streets and Streets_ND_Junctions sources. A SQL expression for the Streets source feature class prohibits inputs from locating on streets where the ROAD_CLASS field has a value of 3. No query is used for the Streets_ND_Junctions source feature class. A value of [["Streets", "ROAD_CLASS <> 3"]] indicates that only the Streets source feature class will be used for locating, and Streets_ND_Junctions will not. Additionally, a query is applied to Streets. This property affects locating for all input types. To change this property for individual input types, use the setLocateSettingsOverrides method. Learn more about locating inputs on the network Setting this property returns an error if the network data source is ArcGIS Online or a portal running a version of ArcGIS Enterprise earlier than 11.0. | String |
| searchTolerance (Read and Write) | The maximum search distance that will be used when locating the input features on the network. The property is returned and set as a double, and the units of this value are accessed through the searchToleranceUnits property. The default is 5000. This property affects locating for all input types. To change this property for individual input types, use the setLocateSettingsOverrides method. Learn more about locating inputs on the network Legacy:Setting this property returns an error if the network data source is a portal running a version of ArcGIS Enterprise earlier than 11.0. | Double |
| searchToleranceUnits (Read and Write) | The units of the searchTolerance property. The property is returned and set as a member of the DistanceUnits enumeration. The default is DistanceUnits.Meters. This property affects locating for all input types. To change this property for individual input types, use the setLocateSettingsOverrides method. Legacy:Setting this property returns an error if the network data source is a portal running a version of ArcGIS Enterprise earlier than 11.0. | Object |
| sequenceGap (Read and Write) | The gap in numerical values to leave in the Sequence field in the Orders class between adjacent orders when the analysis is solved. The value acts as a multiplier for the sequence of orders on each route. For example, if the gap is 5, the first order on the route will have a Sequence field value of 5, the second order on the route would have a Sequence field value of 10, the third 15, and so on. This property helps support inserting orders after the initial route plan has been created because the new orders can be inserted into the sequence gaps. The value must be a positive integer. The default is 1. The first time the analysis is solved, the Sequence field values will be populated with sequential values using the designated sequence gap. On subsequent solves of the same analysis, the Sequence field values of existing orders will be maintained, and new orders will be inserted into the gaps using available integer values for the Sequence field that are not in use by other orders. If the sequence gap is set to 1, the sequence values will be updated to contiguous values for every solve. | Integer |
| timeUnits (Read and Write) | The units that will be used when reporting the travel time in the analysis output. Regardless of the units of the cost attributes in the network dataset, the outputs will be transformed to and reported in the units set in this property. The property is returned and set as a member of the TimeUnits enumeration. The default is TimeUnits.Minutes. | Object |
| timeZoneForTimeFields (Read and Write) | Indicates whether the time fields in the input data will be interpreted as local time at the input locations or as coordinated universal time (UTC). The property is returned and set as a member of the TimeZoneUsage enumeration. The default is TimeZoneUsage.LocalTimeAtLocations. | Object |
| travelMode (Read and Write) | The travel mode that will be used for the analysis. The travel mode's impedance attribute must have units of time. The value is returned and set as an arcpy.nax.TravelMode object, but it can also be set using the string name of the travel mode or a string containing the valid JSON representation of a travel mode. The default is the default travel mode defined on the network dataset used for the analysis. | Object |
Method Overview
| Method | Explanation |
| addFields (input_type, field_description) | Adds custom fields to the designated input class. These fields will be included in the field mapping dictionary created by the fieldMappings method and will also be available for use with the insertCursor method. |
| count (input_type) | Returns the number of rows added for an input type. |
| fieldMappings (input_type, {use_location_fields}, {list_candidate_fields}) | Generates an NAClassFieldMappings dictionary that maps the field names of the input type to arcpy.nax.NAClassFieldMap objects that allow you to map fields from the input data to the properties of the solver. The dictionary can be used as input to the field_mappings argument of the load method. Learn more about how to use field mappings when loading inputs |
| fieldNames (input_type, {use_location_fields}) | Get a list of field names supported by the specified input type. |
| insertCursor (input_type, field_names, {append}) | Establishes a write cursor on the specified input type. This cursor can be used to add rows directly to the input. |
| load (input_type, features, {field_mappings}, {append}, {max_features}) | Sets input features to use for the analysis. |
| setLocateSettingsOverrides (input_type, {search_sources}, {allow_auto_relocate}, {search_tolerance}, {search_tolerance_units}) | Set locate settings for a designated input class, overriding the default locate settings specified for the analysis. This is useful if you want to use different rules to locate different inputs. For example, in an OD cost matrix analysis, you can use a search query that applies to the input origins only, if that query should not apply to the input destinations and barriers. Using this method, you can override the values of the searchSources, allowAutoRelocate, searchTolerance, and searchToleranceUnits properties for the designated input class. |
| solve () | Perform the last mile delivery analysis using the properties set on the LastMileDelivery object and the loaded inputs. |
Methods
addFields (input_type, field_description)
| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
input_type |
The type of input to which the fields will be added. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. | Object | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
field_description [field_description,...] | The fields and their properties that will be added to the input class. The value will be constructed as a list of lists with each row containing the following items:
Available field types are as follows:
Only the field name and type are required. Use None as a place holder for any of the other parameters to accept the default or if the parameter does not apply to the specified field type. The method will return an error if the field already exists in the table or if any of the field properties are invalid. Legacy:The GUID, BIGINTEGER, TIMEONLY, DATEONLY, and TIMESTAMPOFFSET field types are not supported when the network data source is a portal running ArcGIS Enterprise 11.1.x or earlier. | List |
count (input_type)
| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input features to count. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. | Object |
| Data Type | Explanation |
| Integer | The number of rows. |
fieldMappings (input_type, {use_location_fields}, {list_candidate_fields})| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input for which the field mappings will be returned. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. See descriptions of the fields available for each input type | Object |
use_location_fields | Specifies whether network location fields will be included in the returned field mappings dictionary. Network location fields describe the point on the network where an object is located. You can use network location fields to more precisely control how analysis inputs locate on the network and to save time when calling the solve method because the solver will not have to calculate the location fields from the geometry of the inputs. You can calculate location fields for a feature class using the Calculate Locations tool. Learn more about network location fields and how inputs are located on the network When this argument is set to True, the returned field mappings dictionary will include network location fields. The default is False, which means the field mapping dictionary will not include network location fields. (The default value is False) | Boolean |
list_candidate_fields [list_candidate_fields,...] | Use this parameter to map additional, nondefault fields from the input data to the analysis inputs. For example, if the input feature class contains a field named MyField, and you want it to be included in the analysis inputs, pass the MyField field object to the list_candidate_fields parameter. MyField will be included in the returned field mapping dictionary and automatically mapped. When you call the load method using these field mappings, MyField will be included in the analysis inputs along with all the default fields. In many cases, these extra fields will be passed to the analysis output as well. Specify this parameter as a list of arcpy.Field objects, which can be obtained from a specified feature class or table using the arcpy.ListFields function. Learn more about best practices for setting up analysis inputs Legacy:If the network data source is an ArcGIS Enterprise portal, the method will return an error if any of the fields specified are of a type that is not supported by the portal version.(The default value is None) | Field |
| Data Type | Explanation |
| Dictionary | An NAClassFieldMappings dictionary in which the keys are the field names and the values are arcpy.nax.NAClassFieldMap objects. |
fieldNames (input_type, {use_location_fields})| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input for which the supported field names are returned. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. See descriptions of the fields available for each input type | Object |
use_location_fields | Indicates whether network location fields will be included in the returned list of field names. Network location fields describe the point on the network where an object is located. You can use network location fields to more precisely control how your analysis inputs locate on the network and to save time when calling the solve method because the solver will not have to calculate the location fields from the geometry of the inputs. You can calculate location fields for a feature class using the Calculate Locations tool. Learn more about network location fields and how inputs are located on the network When this argument is set to True, the returned list of field names will contain network location fields. The default is False; the list of field names will not include network location fields. (The default value is False) | Boolean |
| Data Type | Explanation |
| String | A list of field names supported by the specified input type. |
insertCursor (input_type, field_names, {append})| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input into which the cursor can be used to insert rows. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. | Object |
field_names [field_names,...] | A list of field names of the input type whose values you want to set when inserting rows using the cursor. You can get the names of the fields supported by an input type using the fieldNames method. See descriptions of the fields available for each input type In addition to regular fields, you can also set the geometry of the input using one of the following geometry tokens:
The SHAPE@XY and SHAPE@XYZ tokens are only supported for point-based input types. When using the SHAPE@XY and SHAPE@XYZ tokens, specify the x-, y-, and z-values in the spatial reference of the network data source being used in the analysis. | String |
append | Specifies whether the features being inserted will be appended to the existing set of features for the input type. A value of True indicates that the new features will be appended; the existing features will be preserved. This is the default. A value of False indicates that any existing features for the input type will be deleted and replaced with the features being inserted. (The default value is True) | Boolean |
| Data Type | Explanation |
| Object | A SolverInsertCursor object that can be used to write features. |
load (input_type, features, {field_mappings}, {append}, {max_features})| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input feature that will be loaded. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. | Object |
features | The input features that will be loaded. This parameter accepts the following input types:
For layer inputs, only selected features will be loaded. If a layer has a definition query, only the subset of features visible with the definition query will be loaded. The method also honors the Extent geoprocessing environment; only features in the specified extent will be loaded. | String |
field_mappings | An NAClassFieldMappings dictionary that maps the field names of the input type to arcpy.nax.NAClassFieldMap objects representing the mapping of fields from the input features. Valid input for this parameter can be constructed using the fieldMappings method. If no field mappings are specified, all fields from the input features that have the same name as the supported fields for the input type will be mapped. See descriptions of the fields available for each input type (The default value is None) | Dictionary |
append | Specifies whether the features being loaded will be appended to the existing set of features for the input type. A value of True indicates that the new features will be appended, and existing features will be preserved. This is useful when loading inputs from multiple feature classes or tables to use in a single analysis. This is the default. A value of False indicates that any existing features for the input type will be deleted and replaced with the features currently being loaded. (The default value is True) | Boolean |
max_features | The maximum number of features that can be loaded into the input type. This is useful if you are creating a tool or service and want an error returned if the size of the input exceeds the available resources. The load method will return an arcpy.nax.LimitError if the number of input features exceeds the max_features limit. If no value is provided, no limit will be enforced for the count of the input features. (The default value is None) | Integer |
setLocateSettingsOverrides (input_type, {search_sources}, {allow_auto_relocate}, {search_tolerance}, {search_tolerance_units})| Parameter | Explanation | Data Type |
input_type | The type of input for which to override default locate settings. Set this parameter using the LastMileDeliveryInputDataType enumeration. | Object |
search_sources [[Source, Expression],...] | The list of network sources to be used when locating inputs of the designated type on the network, and, optionally, a query to restrict the search to a subset of the features within a source feature class. See the documentation for the searchSources property for examples of proper syntax for this parameter. Specifying a value for this parameter overrides the default searchSources property value for the designated input type. If this parameter is not specified or is set to None, the searchSources value will be used for this input type. The method returns an error if this parameter is used and the network data source is ArcGIS Online. | String |
allow_auto_relocate | Specifies whether inputs of the designated type with existing network location fields can be automatically relocated at solve time to ensure valid, routable location fields for the analysis. If the value is True, points located on restricted network elements and points affected by barriers will be relocated to the closest routable location. If the value is False, network location fields will be used as is, even if the points are unreachable, and this may cause the solve to fail. Even if the value is False, inputs with no location fields or incomplete location fields will be located at solve time. Specifying a value for this parameter overrides the default allowAutoRelocate property value for the designated input type. If this parameter is not specified or is set to None, the allowAutoRelocate value will be used for this input type. The method returns an error if the network data source is ArcGIS Online. The method returns an error if the network data source is an ArcGIS Enterprise portal that does not support using network location fields. | Boolean |
search_tolerance | The maximum search distance to use when locating inputs of the designated type on the network. Specifying a value for this parameter overrides the default searchTolerance property value for the designated input type. If this parameter is not specified or is set to None, the searchTolerance value will be used for this input type. The units of this parameter value are set using the search_tolerance_units parameter; however, if no value is set for that parameter, the search_tolerance value will be interpreted in the units specified in the searchToleranceUnits property. This parameter does not apply to line and polygon barriers; the method will return an error if this parameter is specified when the input_type value is one of these barrier types. | Double |
search_tolerance_units | The units of the maximum search distance when locating inputs of the designated type of the network. The parameter is specified using a member of the DistanceUnits enumeration. Specifying a value for this parameter overrides the default searchToleranceUnits property value for the designated input type. If this parameter is not specified or is set to None, the searchToleranceUnits will be used for this input type. The value specified using the search_tolerance parameter is interpreted using these units. If that parameter is not specified, the value of the searchTolerance property will be interpreted using these units for the designated input type only. This parameter does not apply to line and polygon barriers; the method will return an error if this parameter is specified when the input_type value is one of these barrier types. | Double |
solve ()
| Data Type | Explanation |
| Object | An arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryResult object that can be used to access outputs and solver messages. |
Code sample
Perform a last mile delivery analysis using inputs from feature classes and tables.
# An example showing how to perform last mile delivery analysis using inputs
# from feature classes and tables.
import datetime
import arcpy
arcpy.CheckOutExtension("network")
nds = "C:/data/NorthAmerica.gdb/Routing/Routing_ND"
nd_layer_name = "Routing_ND"
input_orders = "C:/data/io.gdb/Orders"
input_depots = "C:/data/io.gdb/Depots"
input_routes = "C:/data/io.gdb/Vehicles"
output_orders = "C:/data/io.gdb/OutputOrders"
output_routes = "C:/data/io.gdb/OutputRoutes"
output_direction_points = "C:/data/io.gdb/OutputDirectionPoints"
output_direction_lines = "C:/data/io.gdb/OutputDirectionLines"
# Create a network dataset layer and get the desired travel mode for analysis
arcpy.nax.MakeNetworkDatasetLayer(nds, nd_layer_name)
nd_travel_modes = arcpy.nax.GetTravelModes(nd_layer_name)
travel_mode = nd_travel_modes["Driving Time"]
# Instantiate a LastMileDelivery solver object
last_mile = arcpy.nax.LastMileDelivery(nd_layer_name)
# Set properties
last_mile.travelMode = travel_mode
last_mile.earliestRouteStartDate = datetime.date(2024, 6, 3)
last_mile.earliestRouteStartTime = datetime.time(8, 0, 0)
last_mile.timeUnits = arcpy.nax.TimeUnits.Hours
last_mile.maxRouteTotalTime = 8 # hours
last_mile.returnDirections = True
# Load inputs
last_mile.load(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryInputDataType.Orders, input_orders)
last_mile.load(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryInputDataType.Depots, input_depots)
last_mile.load(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryInputDataType.Routes, input_routes)
# Solve the analysis
result = last_mile.solve()
# Export the results to feature classes
if result.solveSucceeded:
result.export(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryOutputDataType.Orders, output_orders)
result.export(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryOutputDataType.Routes, output_routes)
result.export(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryOutputDataType.DirectionPoints, output_direction_points)
result.export(arcpy.nax.LastMileDeliveryOutputDataType.DirectionLines, output_direction_lines)
else:
print("Solve failed")
print(result.solverMessages(arcpy.nax.MessageSeverity.All))