General Math geoprocessing functions

Available with Spatial Analyst license.

Available with Image Analyst license.

The general Math geoprocessing functions apply a mathematical function to the input. These geoprocessing functions fall into several categories. The arithmetic geoprocessing functions perform basic mathematical operations, such as addition and multiplication. There are geoprocessing functions that perform various types of exponentiation operations, which includes exponentials and logarithms in addition to the basic power operations. The remaining geoprocessing functions are used either for sign conversion or for conversion between integer and floating point data types.

Within these broad categories, some geoprocessing functions operate on two inputs, while the others operate on a single input.

Geoprocessing functions with two inputs:

  • Arithmetic: Plus, Minus, Times, Divide, Mod (modulus)
  • Power: Power

Geoprocessing functions with a single input:

  • Exponential: Exp, Exp2, Exp10
  • Logarithmic: Ln, Log2, Log10
  • Power: Square, Square Root
  • Sign: Abs, Negate
  • Type conversion: Float, Int, Round Down, Round Up

The following table lists the available geoprocessing functions and provides a brief description of each.

Geoprocessing FunctionDescription

Abs

Calculates the absolute value of the cells in a raster.

Divide

Divides the values of two rasters on a cell-by-cell basis.

Exp

Calculates the base e exponential of the cells in a raster.

Exp10

Calculates the base 10 exponential of the cells in a raster.

Exp2

Calculates the base 2 exponential of the cells in a raster.

Float

Converts each cell value of a raster into a floating-point representation.

Int

Converts each cell value of a raster to an integer by truncation.

Ln

Calculates the natural logarithm (base e) of cells in a raster.

Log10

Calculates the base 10 logarithm of cells in a raster.

Log2

Calculates the base 2 logarithm of cells in a raster.

Minus

Subtracts the value of the second input raster from the value of the first input raster on a cell-by-cell basis.

Mod

Finds the remainder (modulo) of the first raster when divided by the second raster on a cell-by-cell basis.

Negate

Changes the sign (multiplies by -1) of the cell values of the input raster on a cell-by-cell basis.

Plus

Adds (sums) the values of two rasters on a cell-by-cell basis.

Power

Raises the cell values in a raster to the power of the values found in another raster.

Round Down

Returns the next lower integer value, just represented as a floating point, for each cell in a raster.

Round Up

Returns the next higher integer value, just represented as a floating point, for each cell in a raster.

Square

Calculates the square of the cell values in a raster.

Square Root

Calculates the square root of the cell values in a raster.

Times

Multiplies the values of two rasters on a cell-by-cell basis.

Geoprocessing functions in the General Math category
Note:

Some General Math geoprocessing functions are also available with the 3D Analyst extension toolbox.