概要
The ArcSDESQLExecute class provides a means of executing SQL statements via an enterprise geodatabase connection.
ディスカッション
注意:
- ArcGIS ソフトウェア以外のものを使用してエンタープライズ ジオデータベースのシステム テーブルを変更することはできません。SQL を使用してこれらのシステム テーブルを直接編集すると、ジオデータベースを破損する可能性があります。
- SQL を使用してバージョン対応登録されたデータを編集する場合は、必ずバージョン ビューから行う必要があります。
- リレーショナル データベース管理システム (DBMS) のデータ タイプとテーブル フォーマットを使用して DBMS に実装されたジオデータベースの場合は、DBMS 独自の SQL を使用して、データベースに格納された情報を操作できます。
- SQL によってジオデータベースの情報にアクセスすれば、ジオデータベースによって管理されるテーブル データに外部アプリケーションからアクセスできます。この外部アプリケーションは、非空間データベース アプリケーションであっても、ArcObjects 以外の環境で開発されたカスタムの空間アプリケーションであってもかまいません。ただし、ジオデータベースへの SQL アクセス時には、トポロジ、ネットワーク、テレイン、その他のクラスやワークスペースのエクステンションなど、ジオデータベースの機能は適用されないことに注意してください。
- 一部のジオデータベース機能に必要なテーブル間の関係を維持するために、トリガーやストアド プロシージャなどの DBMS 機能を使用できる場合があります。一方で、これらの機能を考慮せずにデータベースに対して SQL コマンドを実行すると (たとえば、INSERT ステートメントを実行してビジネス テーブルにレコードを追加する)、ジオデータベース機能が適用されず、ジオデータベース内のデータ間の関係が破壊される可能性があります。
- エンタープライズ ジオデータベースのオブジェクトにアクセスしたり、これらのオブジェクトを変更したりする前に、DBMS 内でジオデータベースのオブジェクトに対して SQL を使用する場合の注意点について、エンタープライズ ジオデータベースの資料をすべてお読みください。
構文
ArcSDESQLExecute ({server}, {instance}, {database}, {user}, {password})| パラメーター | 説明 | データ タイプ |
server | Name of the server on which the database is installed or a valid connection file. | String |
instance | The port number. | String |
database | Name of the database. | String |
user | The user name. | String |
password | The password for the user name. | String |
プロパティ
| プロパティ | 説明 | データ タイプ |
| transactionAutoCommit (読み書き) | The autocommit interval. This can be used to force intermediate commits after a specified number of features have been modified. | Integer |
手法の概要
| 手法 | 説明 |
| commitTransaction () | No DML statements will be committed until the commitTransaction method is called. メモ:A commit may also occur when the connection to the enterprise geodatabase is terminated (check specific DBMS documentation to see how each DBMS deals with a disconnect while in a transaction). |
| execute (sql_statement) | Sends the SQL statement to the database via an ArcSDE connection. If execute is run outside of a transaction, a commit will automatically take place once the SQL DML (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE . . .) statement has been executed. |
| rollbackTransaction () | Rollback any DML operations to the previous commit. |
| startTransaction () | To control when your changes are committed to the database, call the startTransaction method before calling execute. This starts a transaction, and no DML statements will be committed until the commitTransaction method is called. |
手法
commitTransaction ()
execute (sql_statement)
| パラメーター | 説明 | データ タイプ |
sql_statement | The SQL statement. The execute method returns a list of lists in the case where the statement returns rows from a table; for statements that do not return rows, it will return an indication of the success or failure of the statement (True for success; None for failure). Statements that return a single value from a single row will return the value in an appropriate type (string, float, float). | Variant |
rollbackTransaction ()
startTransaction ()
コードのサンプル
Query for the number of each crime type and return a list of lists of the crime type and count of incidents.
import arcpy
# Use a connection file to create the connection
egdb = r'Database Connections\Connection to bedrock.sde'
egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute(egdb)
table_name = 'vtest.GDB.Crime'
field_name = 'CRIMETYPE'
sql = '''
SELECT {0}, COUNT({0}) AS f_count FROM {1}
GROUP BY {0}
ORDER BY f_count DESC
'''.format(field_name, table_name)
egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
for i in egdb_return:
print('{}: {}'.format(*i))import sys
import arcpy
try:
# Make data path relative
arcpy.env.workspace = sys.path[0]
# Two ways to create the object, which also creates the
# connection to the enterprise geodatabase.
# Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing
# the connection properties:
# <serverName>, <portNumber>, <version>, <userName>, <password>
# arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3","5151","#","toolbox","toolbox")
# Using the second method pass the path to a valid connection file
egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute(r"data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")
# Get the SQL statements, separated by ; from a text string.
sql_statement = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)
sql_statement_list = sql_statement.split(";")
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
# For each SQL statement passed in, execute it.
for sql in sql_statement_list:
print("Execute SQL Statement: {0}".format(sql))
try:
# Pass the SQL statement to the database.
egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
egdb_return = False
# If the return value is a list (a list of lists), display
# each list as a row from the table being queried.
if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
print("Number of rows returned by query: {0} rows".format(
len(egdb_return)))
for row in egdb_return:
print(row)
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
else:
# If the return value was not a list, the statement was
# most likely a DDL statement. Check its status.
if egdb_return == True:
print("SQL statement: {0} ran successfully.".format(sql))
else:
print("SQL statement: {0} FAILED.".format(sql))
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
except Exception as err:
print(err)# WARNING - DO NOT USE ON VERSIONED TABLES OR FEATURE CLASSES.
# DO NOT USE ON ANY enterprise geodatabase SYSTEM TABLES.
# DOING SO MAY RESULT IN DATA CORRUPTION.
import sys
import arcpy
try:
# Make data path relative (not relevant unless data is moved
# here and paths modified)
arcpy.env.workspace = sys.path[0]
# Column name:value that should be in the record.
sql_values = {"STREET_NAM": "'EUREKA'"}
# Value that is incorrect if found in the above column.
bad_val = "'EREKA'"
#List of tables to look in for the bad value.
tables = ["streetaddresses_blkA", "streetaddresses_blkB",
"streetaddresses_blkC"]
# Two ways to create the object, which also creates the connection
# to the enterprise geodatabase.
# Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing the
# connection properties:
# <serverName>, <portNumber>, <version>, <userName>, <password>
egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3", "5151", "#",
"toolbox", "toolbox")
# Using the second method pass the path to a valid enterprise geodatabase connection file
# arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")
for tbl in tables:
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")
for col, val in list(sql_values.items()):
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")
# Check for the incorrect value in the column for the
# specific rows. If the table contains the incorrect value,
# correct it using the update SQL statement.
print("Analyzing table {0} for bad data: "
"Column:{1} Value: {2}".format(tbl, col, bad_val))
try:
sql = "select OBJECTID,{0} from {1} where {0} = {2}".format(
col, tbl, bad_val)
print("Attempt to execute SQL Statement: {0}".format(sql))
egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
egdb_return = False
if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
if len(egdb_return) > 0:
print("Identified {0} rows with incorrect data. Starting "
"transaction for update.".format(len(egdb_return)))
# Start the transaction
egdb_conn.startTransaction()
print("Transaction started...")
# Perform the update
try:
sql = "update {0} set {1}={2} where {1} = {3}".format(
tbl, col, val, bad_val)
print("Changing bad value: {0} to the good value: "
"{1} using update statement:\n {2}".format(
bad_val, val, sql))
egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
egdb_return = False
# If the update completed successfully, commit the
# changes. If not, rollback.
if egdb_return == True:
print("Update statement: \n"
"{0} ran successfully.".format(sql))
# Commit the changes
egdb_conn.commitTransaction()
print("Committed Transaction")
# List the changes.
try:
print("Displaying updated rows for "
"visual inspection.")
sql = "select OBJECTID" + \
",{0} from {1} where {0} = {2}".format(
col, tbl, val)
print("Executing SQL Statement: \n{0}".format(sql))
egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
egdb_return = False
if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
print("{0} rows".format(len(egdb_return)))
for row in egdb_return:
print(row)
print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
else:
if egdb_return == True:
print("SQL statement: \n{0}\n"
"ran successfully.".format(sql))
else:
print("SQL statement: \n{0}\n"
"FAILED.".format(sql))
print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
else:
print("SQL statement: \n{0}\nFAILED. "
"Rolling back all changes.".format(sql))
# Rollback changes
egdb_conn.rollbackTransaction()
print("Rolled back any changes.")
print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
else:
print "No records required updating."
# Disconnect and exit
del egdb_conn
print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")
except Exception as err:
print(err)