Multipoint

Summary

A Multipoint object is an ordered collection of points.

Discussion

In many geoprocessing workflows, you may need to run a specific operation using coordinate and geometry information but don't necessarily want to go through the process of creating a new (temporary) feature class, populating the feature class with cursors, using the feature class, then deleting the temporary feature class. Geometry objects can be used instead for both input and output to make geoprocessing easier. Geometry objects can be created from scratch using Geometry, Multipoint, PointGeometry, Polygon, or Polyline classes.

During the creation of a geometry object, a simplification process is performed to make the geometry topologically consistent according to its geometry type. For instance, it rectifies polygons that may be self-intersecting or contain incorrect ring orientations. Coordinates may move within the resolution of the geometry's spatial reference.

The following operators can be used in place of geometry methods:

Python operatorGeometry method

+

intersect

|

union

-

difference

^

symmetricDifference

==

equals

!=

not equals

For example, to union two geometry objects, g3 = g1 | g2 is equivalent to g3 = g1.union(g2).

The + operator will use the geometry type (dimension) of the first geometry to determine the geometry type of the output.

Syntax

 Multipoint (inputs, {spatial_reference}, {has_z}, {has_m}, {has_id})
ParameterExplanationData Type
inputs

The coordinate information used to create the object. The data type can be Point or Array objects.

Object
spatial_reference

The spatial reference of the new geometry.

(The default value is None)

SpatialReference
has_z

Specifies whether the geometry will be z-enabled.

(The default value is False)

Boolean
has_m

Specifies whether the geometry will be m-enabled.

(The default value is False)

Boolean
has_id

Specifies whether the geometry will support point IDs.

(The default value is False)

Boolean

Properties

PropertyExplanationData Type
JSON
(Read Only)

An Esri JSON representation of the geometry as a string.

Tip:

The returned string can be converted to a dictionary using the json module's loads function.

String
WKB
(Read Only)

The well-known binary (WKB) representation for OGC geometry. This property provides a portable representation of a geometry value as a contiguous stream of bytes.

Bytearray
WKT
(Read Only)

The well-known text (WKT) representation for OGC geometry. This property provides a portable representation of a geometry value as a text string.

Any true curves in the geometry will be densified into approximate curves in the WKT string.

String
area
(Read Only)

The area of a polygon feature. The area is zero for all other feature types.

Double
centroid
(Read Only)

The true centroid if it is within or on the feature; otherwise, it is the label point.

Point
extent
(Read and Write)

The extent of the geometry.

Extent
firstPoint
(Read Only)

The first coordinate point of the geometry.

Point
hasCurves
(Read Only)

Specifies whether the geometry has a curve.

Boolean
hullRectangle
(Read Only)

A space-delimited string of the coordinate pairs of the convex hull rectangle.

String
isMultipart
(Read Only)

Specifies whether the number of parts for the geometry is more than one.

Boolean
labelPoint
(Read Only)

The point at which the label is located. This point is always located within or on a feature.

Point
lastPoint
(Read Only)

The last coordinate of the feature.

Point
length
(Read Only)

The length of the linear feature. The calculation uses 2D Cartesian mathematics.

For point and multipoint geometry, the length will be zero. For polygon geometry, the length will be the 2D length of the boundary.

Double
length3D
(Read Only)

The 3D length of the linear feature. The calculation uses 3D Cartesian mathematics.

For point and multipoint geometry, the length will be zero. For polygon geometry, the length will be the 3D length of the boundary.

Caution:

The operation does not perform unit conversion between the horizontal and the vertical coordinate systems. The x, y, and z coordinates are assumed to be in the same linear unit.

Caution:

This property is only available for projected data.

Double
partCount
(Read Only)

The number of geometry parts for the feature.

Integer
pointCount
(Read Only)

The total number of points for the feature.

Integer
spatialReference
(Read Only)

The spatial reference of the geometry.

SpatialReference
trueCentroid
(Read Only)

The center of gravity for a feature.

Point
type
(Read Only)

The geometry type: polygon, polyline, point, or multipoint.

String

Method Overview

MethodExplanation
boundary ()

Constructs the boundary of the geometry.

Boundary operator
buffer (distance)

Constructs a polygon at a specified distance from the geometry.

Buffer operator
clip (envelope)

Constructs the intersection of the geometry and the specified extent.

Clip operator
contains (second_geometry, {relation})

Indicates if the base geometry contains the comparison geometry.

contains is the opposite of within.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible contains relationships
convexHull ()

Constructs the geometry that is the minimal bounding polygon such that all outer angles are convex.

ConvexHull operator
crosses (second_geometry)

Indicates if the two geometries intersect in a geometry of a lesser shape type.

Two polylines cross if they share only points in common, at least one of which is not an endpoint. A polyline and an polygon cross if they share a polyline or a point (for vertical line) in common on the interior of the polygon which is not equivalent to the entire polyline.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible crosses relationships
cut (cutter)

Splits this geometry into a part left of the cutting polyline, and a part right of it.

When a polyline or polygon is cut, it is split where it intersects the cutter polyline. Each piece is classified as left of or right of the cutter. This classification is based on the orientation of the cutter line. Parts of the target polyline that do not intersect the cutting polyline are returned as part of the right of result for that input polyline. If a geometry is not cut, the left geometry will be empty (None).

Cut operator
difference (other)

Constructs the geometry that is composed only of the region unique to the base geometry but not part of the other geometry. The following illustration shows the results when the red polygon is the source geometry.

Difference operator
disjoint (second_geometry)

Indicates if the base and comparison geometries share no points in common.

Two geometries intersect if disjoint returns False.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible disjoint relationships
distanceTo (other)

Returns the minimum distance between two geometries. The distance is in the units of the geometry's spatial reference. If the geometries intersect, the minimum distance is 0.

Both geometries must have the same projection.

equals (second_geometry)

Indicates if the base and comparison geometries are of the same shape type and define the same set of points in the plane. This is a 2D comparison only; M and Z values are ignored.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible equals relationships
getPart ({index})

Returns an Array object of Point objects for a particular part of the geometry if an index is specified. If an index is not specified, an Array object containing an Array of Point objects for each geometry part is returned.

The getPart method is equivalent to indexing an object; that is, obj.getPart(0) is equivalent to obj[0].

intersect (other, dimension)

Constructs a geometry that is the geometric intersection of the two input geometries. Different dimension values can be used to create different shape types.

The intersection of two geometries of the same shape type is a geometry containing only the regions of overlap between the original geometries.

Intersect operator

For faster results, test if the two geometries are disjoint before calling intersect.

move ({dx}, {dy}, {dz})

Moves a geometry by specified distances along the x-, y-, and z-axes to create a new geometry.

overlaps (second_geometry)

Indicates if the intersection of the two geometries has the same shape type as one of the input geometries and is not equivalent to either of the input geometries.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible overlaps relationships
projectAs (spatial_reference, {transformation_name})

Projects a geometry and optionally applies a geotransformation.

To project a geometry, the geometry must have a spatial reference and not an unknown coordinate system. The new spatial reference system passed to the method defines the output coordinate system. If either spatial reference is unknown, the coordinates will not be changed. The z- and m-values are not changed by the projectAs method.

scale ({origin}, {sx}, {sy}, {sz})

Scales a geometry from a specified origin by specified factors along the x-, y-, and z-axes to create a new geometry. The position of a transformed point (or vertex) is given by

( (x - origin_x) * scale_x + origin_x, (y - origin_y) * scale_y + origin_y, (z - origin_z) * scale_z + origin_z )

The transformation is applied relative to the origin, so that the origin remains stationary while the geometry expands or contracts around it. The position and the direction of the expansion or contraction for the resulting geometries is significantly affected by the origin.

The following describes a few possible choices for the origin and its affect on the output:

  • The origin is outside the geometry (not within or touching the geometry)—The size and location of the geometry will change, but the geometry will maintain relative positions to other geometries scaled in the same way. Positions will expand away from or contract toward the origin point.

    Origin outside the geometry

  • The origin is at the centroid of the geometry (if the centroid is within or touching geometry)—The size of the geometry will change, but the geometry's location will remain anchored at the centroid. The geometry will grow or shrink in place around the centroid.

    Origin at the centroid of the geometry

  • The origin is on a vertex of the geometry—The size of the geometry will change, but the position of the geometry will remain anchored at the chosen vertex. The geometry will grow from or shrink toward the chosen vertex.

    Origin on a vertex of the geometry

symmetricDifference (other)

Constructs the geometry that is the union of two geometries minus the instersection of those geometries.

The two input geometries must be the same shape type.

symmetricDifference operator
touches (second_geometry)

Indicates if the boundaries of the geometries intersect.

Two geometries touch when the intersection of the geometries is not empty, but the intersection of their interiors is empty. For example, a point touches a polyline only if the point is coincident with one of the polyline end points.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible touches relationships
union (other)

Constructs the geometry that is the set-theoretic union of the input geometries.

The two geometries being unioned must be the same shape type.

Union operator
within (second_geometry, {relation})

Indicates if the base geometry is within the comparison geometry.

within is the opposite operator of contains.

Only True relationships are shown in this illustration.

Possible within relationships

The base geometry is within the comparison geometry if the base geometry is the intersection of the geometries and the intersection of their interiors is not empty. within is a Clementini operator, except in the case of an empty base geometry.

Methods

boundary ()
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

A polygon's boundary is a polyline. A polyline's boundary is a multipoint, corresponding to the endpoints of the line. A point or multipoint's boundary is an empty point or multipoint.

buffer (distance)
ParameterExplanationData Type
distance

The buffer distance.

The buffer distance is in the same units as the geometry that is being buffered.

A negative distance can only be specified against a polygon geometry.

Double
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Polygon

The buffered polygon geometry.

clip (envelope)
ParameterExplanationData Type
envelope

An Extent object used to define the clip extent.

Extent
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

An output geometry clipped to the specified extent.

contains (second_geometry, {relation})
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
relation

The spatial relationship type.

  • BOUNDARY Relationship has no restrictions for interiors or boundaries.
  • CLEMENTINI Interiors of geometries must intersect. Specifying CLEMENTINI is equivalent to specifying None. This is the default.
  • PROPER Boundaries of geometries must not intersect.

(The default value is None)

String
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates this geometry contains the second geometry.

convexHull ()
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

The resulting geometry. The convex hull of a single point is the point itself.

crosses (second_geometry)
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates the two geometries intersect in a geometry of a lesser shape type.

cut (cutter)
ParameterExplanationData Type
cutter

The cutting polyline geometry.

PolyLine
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Geometry

A list of two geometries.

difference (other)
ParameterExplanationData Type
other

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

The resulting geometry.

disjoint (second_geometry)
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates that the two geometries share no points in common.

distanceTo (other)
ParameterExplanationData Type
other

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Double

The distance between the two geometries.

equals (second_geometry)
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates that the two geometries are of the same shape type and define the same set of points in the plane.

getPart ({index})
ParameterExplanationData Type
index

The index position of the geometry.

Integer
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Array

The resultant Array object.

intersect (other, dimension)
ParameterExplanationData Type
other

The second geometry.

Object
dimension

The topological dimension (shape type) of the resulting geometry.

  • 1A zero-dimensional geometry (point or multipoint).
  • 2A one-dimensional geometry (polyline).
  • 4A two-dimensional geometry (polygon).
Integer
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

A new geometry (point, multipoint, polyline, or polygon) that is the geometric intersection of the two input geometries.

move ({dx}, {dy}, {dz})
ParameterExplanationData Type
dx

The distance the geometry will be moved along the x-axis.

(The default value is 0.0)

Double
dy

The distance the geometry will be moved along the y-axis.

(The default value is 0.0)

Double
dz

The distance the geometry will be moved along the z-axis. The geometry must be z-aware and have z-values.

(The default value is 0.0)

Double
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Geometry

An output geometry, moved by the specified distances along the x-, y-, and z-axes.

overlaps (second_geometry)
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates the intersection of the two geometries has the same dimension as one of the input geometries.

projectAs (spatial_reference, {transformation_name})
ParameterExplanationData Type
spatial_reference

The spatial reference of the projected geometry. This can be a SpatialReference object or the coordinate system name.

SpatialReference
transformation_name

The geotransformation name.

With ArcGIS Pro, if you do not specify a transformation, none will be applied. With ArcGIS Server, if you do not specify a transformation, a fallback transformation will be applied.

String
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

The projected geometry.

scale ({origin}, {sx}, {sy}, {sz})
ParameterExplanationData Type
origin

The origin of the transformation. The argument can be either an arcpy.Point object or an arcpy.PointGeometry object.

The default origin, arcpy.Point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), will usually be located outside the target geometry.

(The default value is arcpy.Point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))

Point
sx

The factor that will be used to scale the geometry along the x-axis.

(The default value is 1.0)

Double
sy

The factor that will be used to scale the geometry along the y-axis.

(The default value is 1.0)

Double
sz

The factor that will be used to scale the geometry along the z-axis. The geometry must be z-aware and have z-values.

(The default value is 1.0)

Double
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Geometry

An output geometry scaled from the specified origin and by specified factors along the x-, y-, and z-axes.

symmetricDifference (other)
ParameterExplanationData Type
other

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

The resulting geometry.

touches (second_geometry)
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates the boundaries of the geometries intersect.

union (other)
ParameterExplanationData Type
other

A second geometry.

Object
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Object

The resulting geometry.

within (second_geometry, {relation})
ParameterExplanationData Type
second_geometry

A second geometry.

Object
relation

The spatial relationship type.

  • BOUNDARY Relationship has no restrictions for interiors or boundaries.
  • CLEMENTINI Interiors of geometries must intersect. Specifying CLEMENTINI is equivalent to specifying None. This is the default.
  • PROPER Boundaries of geometries must not intersect.

(The default value is None)

String
Return Value
Data TypeExplanation
Boolean

A return Boolean value of True indicates this geometry is contained within the second geometry.

Code sample

Multipoint example

Create a polyline feature class from scratch.

import arcpy

# A list of features and coordinate pairs
feature_info = [[[1, 2], [2, 4], [3, 7]],
                [[6, 8], [5, 7], [7, 2], [9, 5]]]

# A list that will hold each of the Multipoint objects
features = []

for feature in feature_info:
    # Create a Multipoint object based on the array of points
    # Append to the list of Multipoint objects
    features.append(
        arcpy.Multipoint(
            arcpy.Array([arcpy.Point(*coords) for coords in feature])))

# Persist a copy of the Polyline objects using CopyFeatures
arcpy.CopyFeatures_management(features, "c:/geometry/multipoints.shp")

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